Describe HTML.
- Hyper Text Markup Language is what HTML stands for.
- The preferred markup language for building Web pages is HTML.
- HTML explains how a Web page is put together.
- There are several different elements in HTML.
- HTML components instruct browsers on how to display content.
- The labels "this is a heading," "this is a paragraph," "this is a link," etc., are provided by HTML elements.
A Simple HTML Document
Example
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Page Title</title></head><body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1><p>My first paragraph.</p>
</body></html>Example Explained
The <!DOCTYPE html> declaration defines that this document is an HTML5 document
The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page
The <head> element contains meta information about the HTML page
The <title> element specifies a title for the HTML page (which is shown in the browser's title bar or in the page's tab)
The <body> element defines the document's body, and is a container for all the visible contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images, hyperlinks, tables, lists, etc.
The <h1> element defines a large heading
The <p> element defines a paragraph
What is an HTML Element?
An HTML element is defined by a start tag, some content, and an end tag:
<tagname> Content goes here... </tagname>
The HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag:
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>
Note: Some HTML elements have no content (like the <br> element). These elements are called empty elements. Empty elements do not have an end tag!
Web Browsers
The purpose of a web browser (Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Safari) is to read HTML documents and display them correctly.
A browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses them to determine how to display the document:
HTML Page Structure
Below is a visualization of an HTML page structure:
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